Read the first couple of chapters of any book that includes
microelectronics in its title. These chapters are usually very easy to read and understand and they move smoothly from basics towards a reasonably decent understanding in short order. It does, however, require that you learn and acquire a few important ideas along the way. Not hard ones. Fairly easy. But duplicating all that effort here to give you something you can go away with and feel good about would be a lot to ask.